Churn.



m. 891,764. BATENTBD JUNE-2s, 1908 'J. B. DAVIS m. COPELAND.

GH URN APPLIOATION FILED NOV. 30, 1907.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

M y M "No. 891,764. PATENTED JUNE 23,1908. J. B. DAVISVGL B.GOPELAND.

GH URN.

APPLIOATION rum) NOV. 30, 1907.

2 s'HBETs -sHBET 2'.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN BROOKS DAVIS AND BURT COPELAND, OF ABINGDON, ILLINOIS, ASSIGNORS TOABINGDON OHURN 00., A CORPORATION OF ILLINOIS.

CHURN.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented June 23, 1908.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JOHN BROOKS DAVIS and BURT COPELAND, both citizensof the United States, and residents of Abingdon, in the county of Knoxand State of Illinois, have invented a new and useful Churn, of whichthe following is a specification.

Our invention has for its objects the improvement of churns havingrotary dashers, and the nature of the invention consists in the novelconstruction of the dasher, of its bearings, of the coupling by whichthe actuating shaft and dasher are united, in subserving economy in themanufacture, and in constructions and combinations hereinafter setforth.

Mechanism showing our improvements and the adjacent parts of a churn inwhich they are incorporated, is shown in the accompanying drawings, inwhich Figure 1 is a side elevation; Fig. 2, a vertical central section,the operating parts being shown in elevation; Fig. 3, a plan of thedasher, seen from below; Fig. 4, a vertical central section thereof;Fig. 5, a detail, an elevation of the coupling; Fig. 6, a verticalcentral. section in the line 6-6 in Fig. 5, seen in the direction of thearrows; Fig. 7, an elevation of the upper coupling-member; Fig. 8, alike view of the lower member thereof; Fig. 9, a top plan of the partsshown at Fig. 8; and Fig. 10, an enlarged fragmental section of thedasher and its bearing.

Throughout the specification and drawings the same reference numeralindicates the same part.

2 indicates a frame comprising a fioor composed of sills 3 on which thecream-can rests, front and rear frame bars 4 which hold the can fromdisplacement forwardly or rearwardly, vertical bars 5, inclined bars 6,a horizontal top 7 which is slightly cut away at its front for thepassage of the dasher shaft, and braces 8 and 9. The top supports avertical arch or bracket 10 and has at its top a horizontal bearing 11for a shaft 12, and has also vertical bearings 13, 14 for adasher-actuating shaft 15 which carries at its lower end an integralcoupling-member 16 consisting of a cylindrical portion 17 having awedge-shaped recess or socket 18 in its side, and an annular bead 19 atits lower edge. A friction sleeve 20 slidably surrounds the member 17for a purpose presently related. Fixed on the proximal end of l theshaft 12 is a bevel gear wheel 21 provided I l with a crank-arm 22, andon its distal end is fixed a similar but oppositely disposed crank-arm23. The wheel '21 gears with a bevel pinion 24 fixed on the shaft 15which it actuates in an ordinary manner. The construction of all theforegoing parts except the coupling member is optional and need not befurther described.

The dasher shaft comprises a squared main portion 26, a lowerconstricted cylindrical portion 27 which has an axially bored conicalrecess 45 in its end, and a tapered shank 31 which fits into thelongitudinally bored socket 28 of the lower member 29 of the coupling,which member carries at its upper portion an integral wedge-shaped head46 disposed at one side of the center thereof and is adapted to fitsnugly within the corresponding recess in the other member, thuscompletin a cylindrical head which is held very firm y from wabbling bya friction sleeve 20 slidably mounted on the member 16 and restrainedthereon by the bead 19. The coupling-member 29 is held from revolutionon the shank 31 by a screw 32. The dasher 33 is in the form of a starwheel, the spokes being sawed (by a band-saw) to form arciform spaces34, and has a radial aperture through which a non-corrosive plug 44,preferably of wood, is driven into a coinciding one in the constrictedmember of the shaft after the latter has been inserted into alongitudinally disposed central aperture in the dasher wheel, the pointof the constricted member preferably extending a distance therethrough.This construction not only furnishes a strong union, but conduces alsoto health and cleanliness as neither metal, nor glue, both of which areaffected by boiling in water, which process churn dashers are frequentlysubjected to, is used.

The cream-can 42 shown is squarein cross section and is provided withhandles 36, a spout 37 and a strengthening bead 38 in a well knownmanner. Soldered to the bottom of the can, centrally thereof, is thebase of our improved bearing 39 comprising a sheet metal cone-shapedbase 40, a drop of solder being carefully shaped and positioned on the aex thereof to form a head or bearing 41. This careful shaping isessential in order that the bearing thus formed be neither conicalnorspherical, but rather inclined to flatness on its bearing face inorder that a very small portion of its surface will contact theconically bored portion of the dasher-shaft. In other words, the crosssection of the head is greater than the thickness thereof. The bearingso formed will be much more durable than would one of wood contactingwood, or metal contacting metal; there is less friction because of thepeculiar quality of the solder; and it is decidedly economic ofmanufacture.

Having thus described our invention, we claim as new:

In a churn, a cream-can comprising a receptacle and a dasher supportfixed centrally of the bottom thereof and consisting of a 1 sheet ofmetal bent into conical form and an integral bearing at the apex thereofgreater I in cross-section than the cross-section of said apeX, and thecross-section of the bearing greater than its depth, in combination witha dasher shaft provided with a conical bore 20 at its lower portion,wholly within which said bearing is adapted to rest, but the sheetmetalsupport to be free from contact with said shaft.

In witness whereof we have hereunto set 25 our hands this 23rd day ofNovember, 1907, at Galesburg, Knox county, Illinois.

JOHN BROOKS DAVIS. BURT COPELAND. Witnesses:

CHAs. S. HARRIS, H. M. RICHARDS.

